Central Chambers National Historic Site of Canada
Ottawa, Ontario
General view
© Parks Canada Agency / Agence Parcs Canada, 1982
Address :
40-46 Elgin Street and Queen, Ottawa, Ontario
Recognition Statute:
Historic Sites and Monuments Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. H-4)
Designation Date:
1990-11-16
Dates:
-
1890 to 1891
(Construction)
Event, Person, Organization:
Other Name(s):
-
Central Chambers
(Designation Name)
DFRP Number:
54930
Plaque(s)
Existing plaque: 40-46, Elgin Street, Ottawa, Ontario
Built in 1890–1891 to the designs of architect J. J. Browne, Central Chambers is a striking example of the Queen Anne Revival Style as expressed in commercial architecture. The style is evident in the façade’s arches, carved fanlights above Palladian windows, and multiple bay windows that provide abundant daylight to both shops and offices. Rich details such as terra cotta panels, granite pilasters, and decorative tiles create harmony, uniting all six stories. A witness to the late Victorian era, Central Chambers is a dominant presence in Confederation Square.
Description of Historic Place
Central Chambers National Historic Site of Canada is a splendid, 6 storey building, designed for commercial premises on the ground floor, and combined commercial and office premises above. The first two storeys form an arcuated base for three storeys of bay windows, culminating in a storey of Palladian windows set within decorative pediments. The building is faced with red brick, decorative tile, and metal framing for the many window openings.
Heritage Value
Central Chambers was designated a national historic site of Canada because it is a particularly good example of the Queen Anne Revival Style, as expressed in commercial architecture.
The heritage value of the site resides in its splendid architectural design, in which the principles of the Queen Anne Revival style have been applied to commercial purposes and in the physical properties of the structure that illustrate that design. The building was constructed in 1890-93 to the designs of Ottawa architect J.J. Browne. It has always enjoyed a high profile location and is an important contributing element in the Confederation Square National Historic Site of Canada.
Source: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Minutes, November 1990.
Character-Defining Elements
Aspects of this site which contribute to its heritage value include: those elements which illustrate the Queen Anne Revival design, namely the banks of oriel windows, Palladian windows set in decorative pediments, the decorative tile work, and the subtle but rich colouration of materials, juxtaposing red brick with terra cotta, white trim and metal
fixtures; those elements which illustrate the commercial purposes of the building, namely the large window areas for the display of merchandise and to light office interiors, and the accessibility of the ground floor from the sidewalk; surviving elements of its original interior layout, particularly the alignment of the floor plates with its character-defining fenestration; its role as a keystone structure in the Confederation Square National Historic Site of Canada, specifically its contribution to this nationally significant ceremonial space, the views of the building from other vantage points in the Square, and the views towards the Square from the building.