Banff National Park of Canada
Park Management
Trans-Canada Highway Twinning
The Banff Wildlife Crossings Project Report, 2002
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
December 1996- March 2003
Forman, R.T.T., Sperling, D., Bissonette, J., Clevenger, A., Cutshall, C., Dale, V., Fahrig, L., France, R., Goldman, C., Heanue, K., Jones, J., Swanson, F., Turrentine, T. & Winter, T. 2002. Road ecology: Science and solutions. Island Press, Washington, DC.
Clevenger, A.P. & N. Waltho. In press. Performance indices to identify attributes of highway crossing structures facilitating movement of large mammals. Biological Conservation.
Chruszcz, B., Clevenger, A.P., Gunson, K. & Gibeau, M.L. 2003. Relationships among grizzly bears, highways and habitat in the Banff-Bow Valley, Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81:1378-1391.
Clevenger, A.P., B. Chruszcz, & K. Gunson 2003. Spatial patterns and factors influencing small vertebrate fauna road-kill aggregations. Biological Conservation 109:15-26.
Little, S.J., Harcourt, R.G. & Clevenger, A.P. 2002. Do wildlife passages act as prey-traps? Biological Conservation 107:135-145.
Clevenger, A.P., Wierzchowski, J., Chruszcz, B., & Gunson, K. 2002. GIS-generated expert based models for identifying wildlife habitat linkages and mitigation passage planning. Conservation Biology 16:503-514.
Gibeau, M.L, Clevenger, A.P., Herrero, S & Wierzchowski, J. 2002. Grizzly bear response to human development and activities in the Bow River watershed, Alberta. Biological Conservation 103:227-236.
Clevenger, A.P., Chruszcz, & Gunson, K. 2001. Drainage culverts as habitat linkages and factors affecting passage by mammals. Journal of Applied Ecology 38:1340-1349.
Clevenger, A.P., McIvor, M., McIvor, D., Chruszcz, B. & Gunson, K. 2001. Tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, movements and mortality on the Trans-Canada highway in southwestern, Alberta. Canadian Field-Naturalist 115:199-204.
Clevenger, A.P., Chruszcz, B. & Gunson, K. 2001. Highway mitigation fencing reduces wildlife-vehicle collisions. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29:646-653.
Gloyne, C.C. & Clevenger, A.P. 2001. Cougar use of wildlife crossing structures on the Trans- Canada highway in Banff National Park, Alberta. Wildlife Biology 7:117-124.
Clevenger, A.P. & Waltho, N. 2000. Factors influencing the effectiveness of wildlife underpasses in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. Conservation Biology 14:47-56.
MS in review
Clevenger, A.P., & Wierzchowski, J. In review. Maintaining and restoring connectivity in landscapes fragmented by roads. Chapter in edited book “Maintaining Connections for Nature” (Eds. K. Crooks, M. Sanjayan). Cambridge University Press, Conservation Biology book series. Publish date: late 2005.
Clevenger, A.P., Gunson, K., & Chruszcz, B. (In prep.) Patterns of highway mortality of elk in the Central Canadian Rocky Mountains.
Theses
Caryl, F.M. 2003. Ungulate mortality on a forested highway. MSc thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK, 42 pp. [Supervised]
Hansen, M. 2000. Road impacts on plants - spread of introduced species in Banff National Park, Canada MSc thesis. Uppsala University, Sweden.
Goldthorpe, G. 2000. Reducing the impacts of highways on large carnivores. MSc thesis. University of East Anglia, UK, 45 pp.
Gloyne, C.C. 1999. Cougars and roads: their use of wildlife crossing structures on the Trans- Canada highway, in Banff National Park, through analysis of their tracks. MSc thesis. University of East Anglia, UK, 65 pp.
Special Publications, Conference Proceedings
Clevenger, A.P., Wierzchowski, J., & Waltho, N. 2002. Planning and performance of wildlife crossing structures in a major transportation corridor. Pages 267-276, in : Environmental Concerns in Rights-of-Way Management : Seventh International Symposium. J.W. Goodrich-Mahoney, D.F. Mutrie & C.A. Guild (eds). Elsevier Science Ltd., London, UK.
Clevenger, A.P. 2001. Mitigation for impacts of roads on wildlife. Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation 2001:12-13.
Clevenger, A.P. & J. Wierzchowski. 2001. GIS-based modeling approaches to identify mitigation placement along roads. Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation 2001:134-148.
Gibeau, M.L., Clevenger, A.P., Herrero, S., & Wierzchowski, J. 2001. Effects of highways on grizzly bear movement in the Bow River watershed, Alberta. Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation 2001:458-472.
Clevenger, A.P. & T. McGuire. 2001. Research and monitoring the effectiveness of Trans- Canada highway mitigation measures in Banff National Park, Alberta. Proceedings of the Transportation Association of Canada Annual Conference (en Compact Disc).
Clevenger, A.P. & Waltho, N. 1999. Dry drainage culvert use and design considerations for small- and medium-sized mammal movement across a major transportation corridor. Pages 263-277 In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Wildlife Ecology and Transportation. G. Evink, P. Garrett & D. Ziegler (eds.). FL-ER-73-99.
Clevenger, A.P. 1998. Permeability of the Trans-Canada highway to wildlife in Banff National Park: importance of crossing structures and factors influencing their effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wildlife Ecology and Transportation. S G. Evink, P. Garrett, D. Ziegler & J. Berry (eds.). FL-ER-69-98, Florida Dept. of Transportation, Tallahassee, Florida. 263 pp.
Reports completed
Clevenger, A.P., Chruszcz, B., Gunson, K., & Wierzchowski, J. 2002. Roads and wildlife in the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks - Movements, mortality and mitigation.Final Report (October 2002). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta.
Clevenger, A.P., Chruszcz, B., Gunson, K., & Brumfit, M. 2002. Highway mitigation monitoring - Three Sisters Parkway interchange. Final report (Aug 1999-Jul 2002). Report prepared for Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Canmore, Alta. 44 pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 2001. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 6 (April 2001). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 41 pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 1999. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 5 (November 1999). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 41 pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 1998. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 4 (November 1998). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 47pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 1997. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 3 (November 1997). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 45pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 1997. Wildlife underpass use by ungulates and large carnivores along twinned sections of the Trans-Canada Highway in Banff National Park, 1995-1997. Unpublished report to Alberta Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Service, Canmore, Alberta.
Clevenger, A.P. 1997. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 2 (June 1997). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 22pp.
Clevenger, A.P. 1996. Highway effects on wildlife : a research, monitoring and adaptive mitigation study. Progress Rept. 1 (December 1996). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta. 16pp.
Popular articles
Clevenger, A.P., McIvor, M. & McIvor, D., Chruszcz, B. & Gunson, K. 2000. Mass movements and mortality of tiger salamanders on the Trans-Canada highway in southwestern, Alberta. Research Links 8:4, 8-9. (Autumn/Winter).
Gloyne, C. & A.P. Clevenger. 1999. Cougars make tracks for wildlife passages on the Trans- Canada Highway in Banff National Park. Research Links 7:4, 12-13. (Autumn/Winter).
Clevenger, A.P. 1999. Ecological effects of roads in the Bow River Valley, Alberta. Banff Park Research Updates, Vol. 2, No. 2.
Clevenger, A.P. 1998. Roads,wildlife & public safety in Banff National Park. Safety Counselor 22 :8-10.
Clevenger, A.P. 1997. Highway effects on wildlife in Banff National Park. Research Links 5:1-2.
Clevenger, A.P. & K. Wells (eds.). 1997. Proceedings of the Second Roads, Rails and the Environment Workshop. Columbia Mountains Institue of Applied Ecology, Revelstoke, B.C. 100 pp.
Final Report
Clevenger, A.P.,Chruszcz, B., Gunson, K., & Wierzchowski, J. 2002. Roads and wildlife in the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks - Movements, mortality and mitigation. Final Report (October 2002). Report prepared for Parks Canada, Banff, Alta.
CONTENTS
SUMMARY
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 - WILDLIFE CROSSING STRUCTURE MONITORING
CHAPTER 3 - LINKAGES AND WILDLIFE MOVEMENTS ACROSS ROADS
CHAPTER 4 - PATTERNS OF WILDLIFE MORTALITY ON ROADS
CHAPTER 5 - MITIGATION EFFECTIVENESS IN REDUCING WILDLIFE MORTALITY ON ROADS
CHAPTER 6 - GIS-BASED MODELLING APPROACHES TO IDENTIFY MITIGATION PLACEMENT AND WILDLIFE MOVEMENT ACROSS ROADS
CHAPTER 7 - CRITERIA FOR MITIGATION EFFECTIVENESS
CHAPTER 8 - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CHAPTER 9 - KNOWLEDGE GAPS AND FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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